Vaidic kal ki sainy paddhti /yaudh kala/defence bsc 1 years

Vaidic kal sainya paddhati ~ itihaas ka lekha jokha vaidic kal se praapt hota tha isse purv matra anumaan ke aadhar par etihaas likha gya he vaidik kal ko do bhago me vibhajit kiya gya hai|

1 rrigvaidik kal

2 uttar vaidik kal

                          

Rrigvaidik kal ka pramukh granth rrigved tatha uttar vaidik kal ki jankari samved, yajurved,arrived se prapt hoti hai, arthved ki anek rrichaon me Indra ke yaudh yvam shaurya ka vardan kiya gaya he |es prakar ham dekhte hai ki vaidik kal sainik drishti se bahut hi samridh yaug hai| Esme sainya vyavastha ke vibhinn aayamo ka vishad vivechan uplabdh hai| 

Samajik abm rajnitik sangathan ~ es kal me saamajik vyavastha atyadhik unnat thi|

Tatkalin samaj do guto me bta tha 1 arya ya devta 2 anary jise Ashur ya rakshas kaha jata hai|

Rrigved ke dasbe mandal me virat kul ke vibhinn ango se vibhinn vargon ki utpatti ko btaya gya hai jise bramhan , mukh ya mastishka kshatriya (bhujaon se), vaishy (udar se ) , kshudr (pairon se) kintu rrigvaidik kal ke badn vibhajan ka janm na hokar karm tha|

Vramhan vardn sabse kshesth vadn mana jata he | eska karm shiksha dena hota tha varg uchch shikshit yabm dayalu hota tha| vahi kshatriy varg ka karm samaj yabm raja ki raksha karna hota tha| vaishy samaj vyapar me sanlagn hota tha, tatha kshudr krishi aadi kary karta tha| or samayanusar usase anekon prakar ke seva kary liye jate the|

Vaidik kal me rajtantra doyra shasan hota tha rajya ka mukhiya raja hota tha |jo  ki mantri parishad yabm purohit ki salah par karya karta tha| es kal me aryon ke raja indra ke Nam se jana jata tha indra janta ki raksha karta tha aur shatru se yuddh kr unka vinash karta tha| rajya ki vir balashali b dharmbad kshatriya vyakti raja ka pad prapt karta tha|
Anaryo me bhi shasan vyavastha ke liye raja chunav hota tha| or shanti kal me raja rahya ka shasan chalata tha tatha yuddh  kal ke shatru se apani sena ke sath youdh  karta tha | raja ki anupasthiti sena b janta dono ke liye dhatak hoti thi| yaha tk ki raja ko dhar dene b bandi bana lene pr puri sena  parajit samjhi jati thi | vaidic kal me raja apana varchasv badhane ke liye ashvamedh yagya karte the |

Sainya sangathan ~ vaidic kal me mukhyatah sthayi sena ki sankhya kam hoti hai|  adhikatar sainik kshatriy barg ke yodhya hote the jo soym ke dvara susajjit  astr shastro ko ikattha karke yekakrit hote the|    shastr- astr vidhya me nipun vaishy bhi anek bar svechchha se youdh hetu apane astr shastr lekar rajya ki or se youdh karte the| aryon ke raja indra ke pas kuchh chune huye sthayi sainik hote the jinhe "maruth" kaha jata tha | jo sadaiv taiyar khade hote the
Vaidik kal me mukhy rup se do prakar ki sena youdh bhumi me prayog ki jati thi | 1 paidal sena. 2 rath sena.
Rath sena es kal ki mahattvapoorn sena hoti thi es tukadi ki dekh rekh svaym raja karta tha|vaidik kal ke antim charno me sainy sangathan ka vikash huaa tha tatha varnan milta hai ki Indra padhati, aswarohi, gathan sena, rathi, antariksh, patal, pahad aadi Sat prakar ke ke shatruon ka Nash karne me saksham tha| rigvedik kal me youdho me ghodon ka prayog kiya jata tha | youdh me hathiyon ka shatruon ki or dodane ka varnan rigved me milta hai|

1 youdh~~ vaidik kal me aryon ka adhikatar sangram v youdh anaryo se huaa hai| anary bahut sashkat yabm youdh premi hote the | inake sahas v virta ke smane kai br arya hatash ho jate the , kintu antatah vijay aaryo ki hoti thi kyonki arya sakushal ke sath sath chatur v tikshn buddhi ke hote the| jisaka laabh unhen samay samay pr milta rha tha |
Aryon ka anaryo se kai yuddh huye hai usme prasiddh yuddh arya raja devodas , Ashur raja sanvrg ke bich hua tha | yah yuddh lagbhag 40 varsh tk chala jisme arya raja devodash ki vijay hui |

Sainik shikshan v prashikshan~~ vaidik kal me shiksha ki vyavastha Rishi muniyon ke asharam me hoti thi | rajy ki or se shiksha ka koi nishchit prabandh nhi hota tha| kshatriya varg ke yubko ko shastr vidya haasil karna anivarya hota tha|tabhi vah kshatriya kahlate the| en yug me  niymit prashikshan ka abhav tha matra kuchh hi kshatriya loge pratidin abhyas hetu nikalate the| shesh shastr vidya sikhane ke pashchat usaka abhyas keval youdh bhumi me hi karte the|

Astr- shastr~ vaidik kal astr shastr ki dristi se bahut sampann tha aryon ke ps anek prakar ke astr shastr hote the | es kal me akramntamk  or surkshtamk  dono prakar ke astr shastr hote the|
Jese _ aryon ke raja Indra sau se adhik astr shastr se susajjit hota tha | es karan indra ko shatanik bhi kaha jata hai |
Udaharan~ rigved me ankush,aand,prshu, shakti Adi astr shastr ka ullekh milata hai | yajurved me yantr yukt astr shastron ka varnan prapt hota hai | eske sath hu vishesh astr shastron ka nam devtao ke nam pr rkha jata tha|

Surkshatmk shastra~ vaidik kal me sainik ki suraksha hetu vibhinn shadhano ka prayog kiya jata tha| rrigved ke youdh shastr me sainikon ke kavach dharan karne ka vardan he, bahi dhanush ki pratyncha ki ragad se bachane ke liye hatho me hastdhan pahna jata tha| seer ki suraksha ke liye shirstran nam ka astr, isake atirikt pairon ke liye bhi suraksha kavach gharan karte the, ye kavach mishrit dhatuon se  nirmit hote the|


Durg v kile--  es kal me durg v kilo ko vastavik mahatv prapt tha| asuron arthat anarth ne bade bade kile bna rakhe the |
Es  kilo ke darvaaje se shatru ke ghusne par aag ke gole barsate the | us samay devraj indra shatruon ke ghusne pr aag ke gole barshate the, us samay devraj indra shatruon le durgo ko dhvast karne ki kala v todne ke liye braj nam ka hathiyaar rakhte the |yahi karan he ki rigved me indra ke liye *purndar*(kilo ko todne bala) sabd ka ullekh milta hai|

Youdh  kla~ vidik kal meJalyaan abam vimaan--- is kal ke yuddho me jalyaan v vimaan ka badan milta hai ashuro ki sahayta ke liye patal se jal marg doara ashur senay ati thi tatha devatagan ke upar aagneys abam barunash chhodne ke liye vimaano ka prayog karte the is prakaar hame vadik Kal ki sainy bebstha ka adhyayan karne se jath hota hai ki yuddhik drishti se samrdh ho gaya tha aarya sena youdh kausal ke kshetr me bahut nipun thi | es kal me shatruon ko Dheravandi dvara nast karne ki kala bahut prachlit thi,  samr tantra ki disti se yah kal bahut shreshth tha| devraj indra sadaiv sena ke agarbhag me rehkar  yuddh ke samay charo Or ghum ghum kr yuddh karte the |Jisme sabhi dishaaon me satron bhaybheet ho jay avam aapni sena ka manobal ucch bana rahe|

Vadik Kal me dharm  yuddh tatha kut yuddh dono ka avasar ke anuroop prayog    hota tha is Kal me kurni yuddh  ki bhi jaankari milti hai aarya jan adhiktar yuddhon ko nadiyon ke tat par ladte the jisme sharton ko nadi me duboya ja sake                       

char avam dut partha--  is kal me char avam dut partha ka prayog kiya jata tha  char ka mukhya kary satron sena ki yojna sanya sankhya astry-sastra ka Svaraaup rasta ki sanya sakti v usme lagana hota tha Iska prayog Ary Or anary dono hi karte the                 dut ka prayog yuddh rokne ke liy varta hetu shanti marg ki khoj karne ke liye kiya jata tha dut ki niyukti ati parvadh ke sath sath mahan prakarmi v sastra vidhay me nipun logon ko di jati thi | baidik kal me narad dut seva ka kary karte the  |                                       yuddhik badh tantra-- vaidik kal me yuddh ke samay badhao ka vaypak rup se prayog kiya jata tha apne pachho ke sainiko ka manobal badne tatha satru pachh ke sainiko ka manobal chhid karne ke liye vibhinn vadhyantro ka prayog kiya jata tha kal me char avam dut partha ka prayog kiya jata tah  char ka mukhya kary satron sena ki yojna sanya sankhya astry-sastra ka Svaraaup rasta ki sanya sakti v usme lagana hota tha Iska prayog Ary Or anary dono hi karte the                 dut ka prayog yuddh rokne ke liy vati hetu shanti marg ki khoj karne ke liye kiya jata tah dut ki niyukti ati parvadh ke sath sath mahan prakrami v sastra vidhay me nipun logon ko di jati thi baidik kal me narad dut seva ka kary karte the     

      yuddhik badh tantra-- vaidik kal me yuddh ke samay badhao ka vaypak rup se prayog kiya jata tha apne paksho ke sainiko ka manobal badne tatha satru pachh ke sainiko ka manobal chhid karne ke liye vibhinn vadhyantro ka prayog kiya jata tha|

Jalyaan abam vimaan--- es kal ke yuddho me jalyaan v vimaan ka badan milta hai ashuro ki sahayta ke liye patal se jal marg doara ashur senay ati thi tatha devatagan ke upar aagneys abam barunash chhodne ke liye vimaano ka prayog karte the| is prakaar hame vadik Kal ki sainy bebstha ka adhyayan karne se jath hota hai ki yuddhik drishti se samrdh ho gaya tha|